Guide
Fluid Flow
Hydraulic Power vs Shaft Power: A Pump Calculation Example
Hydraulic power is the useful energy a pump transfers to the fluid per second—flow rate times pressure rise—while shaft power is the mechanical…
THE ENGINEERING LIBRARY
Guides & worked examples
Go beyond the result. Explore the methods, assumptions, and practical steps behind chemical engineering calculations.
32 RESOURCES
Resources
Guide
Material & Energy Balances
Mole Fraction vs Mass Fraction: Conversions and Examples
Mole fraction compares a component's share of the molecules in a mixture, while mass fraction compares its share of the mass. Because components…
Guide
Pipe Velocity Worked Example Using Actual Internal Diameter
Average pipe velocity is the volumetric flow rate divided by the bore area (V = Q/A). For 100 US gpm in a pipe…
Guide
Engineering Units
Chemical Engineering Calculations: Units, Methods, and Worked Examples
Chemical engineering calculations convert descriptions of processes into dependable numbers using three tools: consistent units, conservation laws for mass and energy, and reliable…
Guide
Material & Energy Balances
Converting Mass Flow to Molar Flow: Formula and a Worked Example
Divide the mass flow rate by the stream's molecular weight to get the molar flow rate: ṅ = ṁ / M. For example,…
Guide
Heat Transfer
LMTD Explained: Temperature Differences and Flow Arrangements
The log mean temperature difference (LMTD) is the mean driving force used in the heat exchanger sizing equation Q = UAΔTm, computed from…
Guide
Thermodynamics & Properties
Thermodynamic Properties: Models, Sources, and Validity Limits
Thermodynamic properties - density, heat capacity, enthalpy, entropy, and the equilibrium quantities behind phase behavior - describe the state of substances and mixtures.…
Guide
Material & Energy Balances
Material and Energy Balances: A Worked-Example Guide
Material and energy balances are the conservation-law accounting statements that underpin chemical process design, plant operation, and environmental analysis. This guide defines the…
Guide
Heat Transfer
Estimating Heat Exchanger Area from Duty, U, and Temperature Difference
Heat-exchanger area is estimated from the sizing equation A = Q / (U · ΔTlm): divide the heat duty by the overall heat-transfer…
Guide
Engineering Computing
Chemical Engineering Spreadsheets: Building and Checking Reliable Models
A chemical engineering spreadsheet model is a structured calculation workbook used for material and energy balances, equipment sizing, and design checks. This reference…